2020

Leadership Roles in Opioid Stewardship and the Treatment of Patients with Opioid Use Disorder Among Medical Toxicologists

One hundred and thirty-one out of 382 eligible individuals from at least 76 institutions responded to the survey. A majority (60%) had a DATA 2000 X-waiver, 21% were board-certified in addiction medicine (AM), an…

Joseph E. Carpenter, Brian Patrick Murray… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Mozeika, A.M., Ruck, B.E., Nelson, L.S. et al. Opioid-Associated Hearing Loss: A 20-Year Review from the New Jersey Poison Center. J. Med. Toxicol. 16, 416–422 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-020-00785-5

Naloxone Dosing After Opioid Overdose in the Era of Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl

Illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) is responsible for a growing number of deaths. Some case series have suggested that IMF overdoses require significantly higher naloxone doses than heroin overdoses. Our ob…

Joseph Carpenter, Brian Patrick Murray, Sukhshant Atti… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Buprenorphine Initiation in the Emergency Department: a Thematic Content Analysis of a #firesidetox Tweetchat

The height of the opioid epidemic in the USA has led to an increasing call for access to medication assisted treatment for opioid use disorder, including buprenorphine initiation from the emergency department …

Megan Chenworth, Jeanmarie Perrone, Jennifer S. Love… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Rapid Assessment of Opioid Exposure and Treatment in Cities Through Robotic Collection and Chemical Analysis of Wastewater

Wastewater-based epidemiology with smart sewer selection and robotic wastewater collection is feasible to detect the presence of specific opioids, naloxone, methadone, and buprenorphine within a city. These resul…

Norkio Endo, Newsha Ghaeli, Claire Duvallet, Katelyn Foppe… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Understanding Naloxone Uptake from an Emergency Department Distribution Program Using a Low-Energy Bluetooth Real-time Location System

Emergency department (ED)–based naloxone distribution programs are a widespread harm reduction strategy. However, data describing the community penetrance of naloxone distributed from these programs are lackin…

Jeffrey T. Lai, Brittany P. Chapman, Stephanie P. Carreiro… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Assessment of the Utility of the Oral Fluid and Plasma Proteomes for Hydrocodone Exposure

Non-medical use and abuse of prescription opioids is a growing problem in both the civilian and military communities, with minimal technologies for detecting hydrocodone use. This study explored the proteomic …

Brooke L. Deatherage Kaiser, Jon M. Jacobs… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Severe Toxicity to the New Psychoactive Substances 3-Hydroxyphencyclidine and N-Ethylhexedrone: an Analytically Confirmed Case Report

3-Hydroxyphencyclidine (3-HO-PCP) is a new psychoactive substance (NPS) and a hydroxy derivative of phencyclidine (PCP), and N-ethylhexedrone (Hexen) is a synthetic cathinone. We describe an analytically confi…

Lisa Christine Dunlop, David Wood, John Archer… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Kratom Adulterated with Phenylethylamine and Associated Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Linking Toxicologists and Public Health Officials to Identify Dangerous Adulterants

Kratom is derived from the plant Mitragyna speciosa…which is indigenous to Southeast Asia. Active compounds, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, cause mild stimulant and opioid agonist effects. Although repor…

Nicholas Nacca, Rachel F. Schult, Lingyun Li… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

Review of Health Consequences of Electronic Cigarettes and the Outbreak of Electronic Cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are battery-operated devices to insufflate nicotine or other psychoactive e-liquid aerosols. Despite initial claims of e-cigarettes as a nicotine-cessation device, aggressi…

Dazhe James Cao, Kim Aldy, Stephanie Hsu, Molly McGetrick… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2020)

2021

Impact of a Mandatory Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Check on Emergency Department Opioid Prescribing Rates

Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) exist in 49 states to guide opioid prescribing. In 40 states, clinicians must check the PDMP prior to prescribing an opioid. Data on mandated PDMP checks show mixe…

C. James Watson, Michael Ganetsky, Ryan C. Burke… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

Opioid Overdose Deaths with Buprenorphine Detected in Postmortem Toxicology: a Retrospective Analysis

Buprenorphine is a unique μ-opioid receptor partial agonist with avid receptor binding, nominal euphoric reward, and a ceiling effect on sedation and respiratory depression. Despite a pharmacologic profile tha…

Rachel S. Wightman, Jeanmarie Perrone, Rachel Scagos… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

“Waste Not, Want Not” — Leveraging Sewer Systems and Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Drug Use Trends and Pharmaceutical Monitoring

During the current global COVID-19 pandemic and opioid epidemic, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a powerful tool for monitoring public health trends by analysis of biomarkers including drugs…

Timothy B. Erickson, Noriko Endo, Claire Duvallet… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

Opioid Use and Driving Performance

The USA is in an opioid epidemic, with an increased number of individuals taking psychoactive drugs while executing the tasks of everyday life, including operating a motor vehicle. The pharmacology of opioids …

Keaton T. Cameron-Burr, Albert Conicella, Mark J. Neavyn in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

Pediatric Methamphetamine Toxicity: Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Use of Antipsychotics—One Institution’s Experience

Methamphetamine toxicity is common in the Southwest region of the United States and presents diagnostic and treatment challenges in the pediatric population. The aim of our study was to characterize signs and …

Hannah R. Malashock, Claudia Yeung, Alexa R. Roberts… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

Implementation of a Medication for Addiction Treatment (MAT) and Linkage Program by Leveraging Community Partnerships and Medical Toxicology Expertise

Implementing a hospital medication for addiction treatment (MAT) and a linkage program…

Gillian A. Beauchamp, Lexis T. Laubach… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

Descriptive Analysis of Inpatient and Outpatient Cohorts Seeking Treatment After Prescription Opioid Misuse and Medical Toxicology Evaluation

Medical toxicology expertise has expanded into the addiction medicine realm including outpatient medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and addiction treatment. Concomitantly, the emergency department (ED … …

Shawn M. Varney, Timothy J. Wiegand, Paul M. Wax… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

California Poison Control System Implementation of a Novel Hotline to Treat Patients with Opioid Use Disorder

In response to the opioid epidemic, California state officials sought to fund a variety of projects aimed at reducing opioid-related deaths. We describe the California Poison Control System’s (CPCS) successful ef…

Kathy T. LeSaint, Raymond Y. Ho, Stuart E. Heard… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2021)

2022

Methadone vs. Buprenorphine for In-Hospital Initiation: Which Is Better for Outpatient Care Retention in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder?

Currently, few hospitals provide medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) to admitted patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). Data are needed to inform whether the choice of medication during hospitalizatio…

Skyler H. Kessler, Evan S. Schwarz, David B. Liss in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2022)

Return Encounters in Emergency Department Patients Treated with Phenobarbital Versus Benzodiazepines for Alcohol Withdrawal

Phenobarbital has been successfully used in the emergency department (ED) to manage symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, but few studies have reported outcomes for ED patients who receive phenobarbital and are disc…

Jacob A. Lebin, Anita Mudan, Charles E. Murphy IV… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2022)

The Potential Proconvulsant Effects of Cannabis: a Scoping Review

A total of 3104 unique articles were screened, of which 68 underwent full-text review, and 13 met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Ten of 11 studies evaluating acute cannabis exposures reported a higher seizure inci…

Eric E. Kaczor, Kevin Greene, Jennifer Zacharia… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2022)

A Brief Educational Intervention to Increase ED Initiation of Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD)

Despite the evidence in support of the use of buprenorphine in the treatment of OUD and increasing ability of emergency medicine (EM) clinicians to prescribe it, emergency department (ED)-initiated buprenorphi…

Utsha G. Khatri, Kathleen Lee, Theodore Lin… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2022)

Front-Loaded Versus Low-Intermittent Phenobarbital Dosing for Benzodiazepine-Resistant Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Phenobarbital is frequently used to manage severe alcohol withdrawal. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of mechanical ventilation in patients with benzodiazepine-resistant alcohol withdraw…

Poorvi Shah, Kati L. Stegner-Smith, Mohamad Rachid… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2022)

Methadone vs. Buprenorphine for In-Hospital Initiation: Which Is Better for Outpatient Care Retention in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder?

Currently, few hospitals provide medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) to admitted patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). Data are needed to inform…

Skyler H. Kessler, Evan S. Schwarz, David B. Liss in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2022)

Lebin, J.A., Mudan, A., Murphy, C.E. et al. Return Encounters in Emergency Department Patients Treated with Phenobarbital Versus Benzodiazepines for Alcohol Withdrawal. J. Med. Toxicol. 18, 4–10 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-021-00863-2

2023

Correction to: The Potential Proconvulsant Effects of Cannabis: a Scoping Review

Eric E. Kaczor, Kevin Greene, Jennifer Zacharia… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2023)

Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure and Confirmation in Four Pediatric Patients

Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a known isomer of delta-9-THC, both found naturally in the Cannabis sativa plant and thought to have similar potency. Delta-8-THC products are widely accessible in retail …

Kerollos Shaker, Andrea Nillas, Ross Ellison… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2023)

Characterization of Nonfatal Opioid, Cocaine, Methamphetamine, and Polydrug Exposure and Clinical Presentations Reported to the Toxicology Investigators Consortium Core Registry, January 2010–December 2021

To characterize and compare opioid-only, cocaine-only, methamphetamine-only, opioid-and-cocaine exposure, and opioid-and-methamphetamine exposure and to examine clinical…

Emily Glidden, Kyle Suen, Desiree Mustaquim… in Journal of Medical Toxicology (2023)